Kazem Akhondzadeh; Tahereh Najafi Ghezeljeh; Hamid Haghani
Volume 20, s1 , December 2018, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: High sodium intake can increase the symptoms of patients with chronic heart failure.Objectives: To examine the effect of the education program on the adherence intention to the dietary sodium restriction and sodium intake in patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in a teaching hospital ...
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Background: High sodium intake can increase the symptoms of patients with chronic heart failure.Objectives: To examine the effect of the education program on the adherence intention to the dietary sodium restriction and sodium intake in patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in a teaching hospital affiliated with Yazd University of medical sciences, Yazd, Iran from January to July 2016. Methods: This controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on 100 patients suffering from chronic heart failure. Block ran- domization was used to assign the patients to the intervention and control groups. In addition to routine education, the patients in the intervention group and one of their family members participated in the education program for 6 consecutive weeks. The amount of sodium intake in a 24-hour period was measured. A urine sample was collected for the measurement of the secondaryoutcome. A questionnaire was used for data collection about the evaluation of the adherence intention to the dietary sodium re- striction. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the intervention (2539.40 ± 1130.03) and control (3016.80 ± 790.38) groups in terms of the sodium intake 6 weeks after the intervention (P = 0.0023). Also, statistically significant differences were re- ported between these groups (2601.84 ± 1128.43 and 3041.95 ± 789.75 in the intervention and control group, respectively, P = 0.036) 12 weeks after the intervention. Six and 12 weeks after the education program, statistically significant differences were found be- tween the groups in terms of the attitude (P < 0.001), subjective norm toward the restricted-sodium diet (P < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control (P < 0.001).Conclusions: The education program promoted the adherence intention to the dietary sodium restriction among patients with chronic heart failure, which subsequently led to the sodium intake reduction.
Tahereh Najafi Ghezeljeh; Leila Kalhor; Omid Moradi Moghadam; Mohammad Niyakan Lahiji; Hamid Haghani
Volume 19, Issue 7 , July 2017, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: The prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) can decrease the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay, mortality, and healthcare costs.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the elevation of head of bed (HOB) to 30 and 45 degreess on ...
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Background: The prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) can decrease the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay, mortality, and healthcare costs.Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the elevation of head of bed (HOB) to 30 and 45 degreess on the incidence of VAP.Methods: This study was a 3 group controlled randomized clinical trial. It consisted of 120 patients who were under mechanical ventilation and hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) from February to July 2016 in the selected governmental hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The patients were allocated into 3 groups. The patients of intervention groups received interventions consisting of HOB elevation to 30 and 45 degreess for 3 consecutive days. The patients in the control group were in the routine position in the bed for 3 consecutive days. The HOB elevation was measured using the goniometer and recorded by nurses in perticular forms. At the end of the third day, VAP and pressure ulcers were evaluated using the clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) as well as Braden scales. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Statistically significant differences were reported in terms of VAP between the groups of the HOB evelation to 30 degrees (32.50%) and 45 degrees (20.00%) and control groups (52.50%) (P = 0.01). However, the mean scores of pressure ulcer showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (P = 0.625). The greatest change in position was performed by the staff nurses for nursing care in the group of 45 degrees elevation that reported as 6.125 ± 3.13 hours.Conclusions: The HOB elevation to 45 degrees helped with the prevention of VAP compared with the HOB elevation to 30 degrees as well as bed routine. Therefore, it is suggested that nurses elevate HOB to 45 degrees (more than 30 degrees) among mechanicallyventilated patients admitted to the ICU.
